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suricata/doc/userguide/rule-management/rule-reload.rst

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Rule Reloads
============
Suricata can reload the rules without restarting. This way, there
is minimal service disruption.
This works by sending Suricata a signal or by using the unix socket. When Suricata is told to reload the rules these are the basic steps it takes:
* Load new config to update rule variables and values.
* Load new rules
* Construct new detection engine
* Swap old and new detection engines
* Make sure all threads are updated
* Free old detection engine
Suricata will continue to process packets normally during this process. Keep in mind though, that the system should have enough memory for both detection engines.
Signal::
kill -USR2 $(pidof suricata)
There are two methods available when using the Unix socket.
Blocking reload ::
suricatasc -c reload-rules
Non blocking reload ::
suricatasc -c ruleset-reload-nonblocking
It is also possible to get information about the last reload via dedicated commands. See :ref:`standard-unix-socket-commands` for more information.